PSP at the doses of 500 or 1000ug/ml produced inhibitory effect on P388 luekemia cells by 79-96%. At the dose of 1000 or 2000ug/ml PSP caused the inhibition of [3H]UR or [3H]TdR incorporation into RNA and DNA in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was found to be the inhibition rate 50-80% or 27-47% respectively.[...]
The data observed showed that PSP has no noticeable toxicity on fetus growth and on the behavioral performance of 1st and 2nd generation rats[...]
Further studies are required to clarify the origin of IS and its function in the body. For that purpose, the experimental model used in the present study is useful. Serum levels of IS may serve as a parameter to monitor the efficacy of immunotherapy.[...]
Five cases of chronic gastrites and three cases of chronic active hepatitis showed remarkable improvement in symptoms and liver function test. HBsAg declined in two of three hepatitis patients.
So far no adverse drug reaction has been observed, there were no impairment of liver and renal functions after the long term administration of PSP even up to years.[...]
After Yun Zhi mycelia or fruitbodies are extracted by hot water and precipitated by alcohol, the Yun Zhi mycelium extract (MWA) or Yun Zhi fruitbody extract (FWA) is obtained. Then they are respectively developed by anthrone and phenolsulfate, and an analysis is made by means of ultraviolet/visible light spectra. The result shows that the maximum absorption wavelengths of MWA are 420 and 487nm respectively and those of FWA are 671 and 486 respectively. After the water solution of MWA is developed by ninhydrin, we see that its maximum absorption wavelength is 586nm; but there is no obvious absorption of FWA. Through a comparison of the infrared spectra of MWA and FWA, we discover that there is an obvious absorption of MWA at 1380nm, while there is no obvious absorption of FWA at that place. By phenol suplfate and Lowry methods to determine the contents of polysaccharide and protein, we find that the glucose contents of MWA and FWA are 36% and 48% respectively and the protein contents are 33% and 21% respectively. With a rotatory instrument to measure the specific rotatory power of MWA and FWA, we find that MWA is -0.04 and that of FWA is -0.69. With DEAE-cellulose for column chromatography, we find that the eluant of MWA contains 3 kinds of monosaccharide: galactose, mannose and rhamnose while that of FWA contains only 2 kinds of monosaccharide: galactose and rhamnose. The 0-2 mol of eluant of MWA contains 6 monosaccharide: glucose, mannose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose while that of FWA contains 5 monosaccharide: glucose, mannose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose. The main ingredient of FWA is not absorbed on DEAE-cellulose. Its molecular weight is 6200 Da, while that of MWA is absorbed on DEAE-cellulose. its molecular weight is 26000 Da.[...]
The anti-angiogenic effects of an antitumor protein-bound polysaccharide, PSK, obtained from cultured mycelia of Coriolus
versicolor in basidiomycetes were examined by the mouse dorsal air sac assay. PSK suppressed the mouse hepatoma
MH134-induced angiogenesis when assessed by morphological and biochemical examinations. This finding suggested that
the anti-metastatic effect of PSK is attributed to the suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis.[...]
A protein-bound polysaccharide, PSK, extracted from the mycelium of Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Quel, stimulated the
iodination (incorporation of radioactive iodine into an acid-insoluble fraction) of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear
cells (PMN), human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells and human myeloblastic leukemic ML-1 cells. In contrast, PSK did
not significantly increase the iodination of other cultured cell lines (U-937, THP-1, L-929, T98G, BALB 3T3). The PSK
stimulation of iodination of both PMN and HL-60 cells depended on incubation time and temperature, and was significantly
suppressed by the presence of myeloperoxidase inhibitors. Among various PSK subfractions, the highest molecular weight
fraction (MW greater than 200 kD), or the fraction precipitated at pH 4.0-4.5, stimulated the iodination most. In contrast,
natural and chemically modified glucans had little or no stimulation activity. The active PSK subfractions synergistically
enhanced TNF stimulation of PMN iodination. The data suggest the presence of some unique components in PSK which
directly stimulate the iodination of myeloperoxidase-positive cells.
PMID: 2369086 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE][...]
These results suggest that the immunological functions of macrophages is related to the activity of glutathione peroxidase. The non-specific immunopolysaccharide might protect macrophages by the damage induced by reactive oxygen species by enhancing anti-oxidative capacity.[...]
The 5-year results of the current trial showed a survival advantage by the addition of TAM to chemotherapy in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer.[...]
We investigated the mechanism of cytostasis mediated by activated human plastic-adherent peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMC) in two cell lines, L.P3 cells (TNF alpha sensitive) and A375 cells (TNF alpha insensitive), using two biological
response modifiers, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from a fungus, PSK. In
L.P3/LPS, L.P3/PSK, and A375/LPS cultures, the cytostatic effects were significantly reversed by anti-TNF alpha
antibody, while in the A375/PSK culture they were not. In concordance with this, LPS was a good inducer of TNF alpha,
but PSK was not. In A375/PSK culture, PSK-activated cells arrested A375 cells at the boundary between G1 and S,
presumably through inhibition of polyamine synthesis. This growth inhibition may be mediated by an unknown soluble factor
which is different from TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-6, and TGF beta.[...]